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概要：
Journal of Humanitarian Studies Vol. 1, 2012importance of coordinating and collaborating closely with other agencies who provide psychosocialsupport responses at a regional or national level and the d....

Journal of Humanitarian Studies Vol. 1, 2012importance of coordinating and collaborating closely with other agencies who provide psychosocialsupport responses at a regional or national level and the desirability of conducting joint assessments.This minimizes the stress on individuals, families and communities every time a new agency arrives toask questions on what has happened and what can be done. Sharing as much information as possiblewith other partners on findings from needs assessments and linking up with partners from other areasor sectors helps ensure a holistic response to the needs of the affected population. The primary partnerto collaborate with should be the community in need of assistance. Representatives from the affectedpopulation and communities should be involved in all aspects and stages of any psychosocial intervention.Planning joint training in psychosocial support with other active stakeholders will enhance the reach oftraining and help ensure high quality psychosocial support. Coordinating the dissemination of information,for example on‘normal reactions to abnormal events’with other partners means that communities arenot overwhelmed with different, perhaps contradictory or confusing, information from multiple sources.Successful coordination and collaboration among partners also improves advocacy for attention to mentalhealth and psychosocial needs. Moreover, national societies should be prepared to both send and receivetrained personnel to support their expatriate communities when large scale disasters strike, given thepresence of many different nationalities in most countries.Drawing on and Contributing to Global Capacity of the Red Cross/Red Crescent MovementThe increasing risk of more large scale disasters with growing urban and vulnerable populations and theadded unpredictability arising from climate change, coupled with the existing threat from seismically activeareas and disasters arising from industrial accidents, makes for a greater need to draw on the collectivecapacity of the international Red Cross movement.In principle, all national societies are auxiliaries to their governments, but in reality these relations can bevery different and their roles in disaster response vary widely depending on national circumstances andtradition. In some countries, like Japan, Bangladesh, Iran or the United States, they are an integrated partof national emergency plans. In others, like in many European countries, the national rescue services havethe responsibility for emergency response and national societies have a relatively marginal role in nationaldisasters. However, in most countries they are well recognised as auxiliary but independent organisations,based on principles of humanity, neutrality and impartiality, and they are widely known to provideassistance, without discrimination as to nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions,through voluntary action. Working in closer relationship with the disaster management authorities at alllevels will enable effective and efficient liaison when large scale disasters strike and these bodies comeunder overwhelming pressure. To do this effectively, each national society needs high quality contingencyplanning for large scale disasters, including arrangements to access resources and assistance from withinthe Red Cross/Red Crescent Movement to respond to catastrophic events in their country. They need toadopt not only emergency relief but also recovery policies, taking account of their unique national contexts,the potential disaster risks and support and draw on the work being undertaken by IFRC in developing acommon recovery policy.National societies must consider how to effectively facilitate access to available relevant experience andknowledge about international disaster management best practice and prepare to deploy their trainedpersonnel in large scale disasters both nationally and internationally. This should be done in closecoordination with the IFRC to ensure maximum impact. Based on my own experience of almost oneyear in Japan, I consider it important to place a representative of IFRC for coordination of experiencedtechnical delegates with substantive consultative skills as needed and to ensure that they are well integratedinto the host national society structure. Of course, international delegates need to respect and work with62人道研究ジャーナルVol. 1, 2012