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「人道研究ジャーナル」Vol.2

The Journal of Humanitarian Studies Vol. 2, 2013Relief Activities of Red Cross NursesImmediately after the Hiroshima Atomic Bombing (6 August 1945)Ry?ko YOSHIKAWA 1Translated by Michiko SUZUKI 2Introduction: The Aftermath of the Hiroshima Atomic BombingAioi Bridge, and in the centre of the city of Hiroshima.The nuclear weapon dropped on Hiroshima was a uraniumbomb. It was dropped above the Shima Hospital in southeast of the Aioi Bridge, and detonated high above in 600min all directions. The detonation created super high-pressure shock waves over the whole city.People who were outside had heavily burned by intense heat rays. Their internal tissues and organs became tohave lesions. Burned skins of the victims were peeling and hanging down like draping tattered clothes. There werealso many people who were buried under collapsed houses due to the massive blast waves. In those days, mostJapanese houses were made of wood; therefore, in the space of a second, the whole city, except some concretebuildings, turned to ashes.At that time, the Hiroshima Chapter building of the Japanese Red Cross Society (JRCS) was located just besidethe Aioi Bridge that became a target of the bombing. It was also standing close to the Hiroshima PrefecturalCommercial Exhibition, the Atomic Bomb Dome today. Therefore, the building only left an outer wall and manyJapanese Red Cross staff lost their lives. Furthermore, the Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, which was locatedbetween 1.5km (0.93mi) and 1.6km (0.99mi) from the hypocentre, was also left with only its outer wall of thethree storey building. Window frames were warped. Window glasses were splattered due to the strong shockwaves, and all materials and things in the building were completely destroyed. Many patients and hospital workerswere also killed.destruction in the world. On that day, people did not recognise the bombing as an atomic attack, and they wentwere completely destroyed and full of dead bodies were lying around everywhere by those who were killeddown, many of them grew extremely anxious.However, there were Red Cross nurses who immediately started to carry out their relief activities even though1Former Librarian of the Japanese Red Cross College of Nursing2The Japanese Red Cross Volunteer64人道研究ジャーナルVol. 2, 2013