ブックタイトルRecommendations to prepare for future mega-disasters in Japan

概要

Recommendations to prepare for future mega-disasters in Japan

? With regard to the acceptance of foreign armed forces, the Government of Japan shouldstrengthen its partnerships by developing status-of-forces agreements on the operationof foreign armed forces and cooperative agreements with the neighbouring countries aswell as conducting joint exercises. An option could be to conclude such an agreementwith Australia. In terms of the armed forces of other neighbouring countries, theGovernment of Japan should confirm their disaster response capabilities, and aim toconclude Memorandum of Understandings, if appropriate. As for the assistance of theU.S. and Australian forces - which Japan is likely to receive - the Government of Japanshould confirm their disaster response capacities including equipment, technologies,and levels of expertise and develop a coordination mechanism for the military tomilitary cooperation.? In order to facilitate more general cooperation for disaster management, theGovernment of Japan should aim to conclude agreements of mutual cooperationthrough its existing frameworks with EU, ASEAN, the U.S., and Australia well as thetrilateral cooperation among Japan, China and the Republic of Korea 23 .f. Securing and developing human resources? A system to pool qualified talents outside the Government structure should bedeveloped in order to deploy qualified personnel who could support the acceptance ofinternational assistance during the disaster. The potential candidates would includemembers of the Japan Disaster Relief team (JDR), JICA staff, current and former JapanOverseas Cooperation Volunteers (JOCVs), former staff members of internationalorganisations, and former staff members of international NGOs. The registeredmembers will be dispatched to the affected areas or mobilised to support thecomprehensive disaster management body, the Japan Platform or other disasterresponse organisations and assist the acceptance of international assistance in the eventof a large-scale disaster.? The disaster response headquarters of the central, prefectural and municipalgovernments should establish coordination and information-sharing mechanisms wherevarious actors meet. Such actors include Japanese civilian agencies (i.e. governmentalorganisations, medical teams, private companies, NGOs, and etc.), international civilianorganisations, the SDF, and foreign armed forces ? all sharing a common operationalenvironment in the disaster affected areas. This could be a Japanese version of thecluster system, potentially involving civilian-military coordination centres. 24? The Government of Japan should develop human resources who are capable of takinginitiatives and ensure effective coordination - such as officials of the municipalgovernments and other support staff on surge. The Government should also developrelated manuals that the appropriate staff can use, and swiftly dispatch them to thedisaster affected communities.2 3 These memoranda should aim to prioritise assistance from the countries concerned and do not intend to excludeassistance from other countries.2 4 In the cluster system, one organisation is normally designated as the lead agency on each specific sector such asfood, water and sanitation, shelter and non-food items. This way, effective coordination among the UN humanitarianagencies and international NGOs is ensured by determining sharing a common situational awareness andinformation on the priority needs per clusters.19